President Obama's Health Care Bill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

President Obama's Health Care Bill - Essay Example The paper talks about on the impact that Obama Health Care has had on the lives of America’s residents over a long time since its initiation. In 2010, President Obama ordered into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The ACA is, in this manner, generally intended to cook for the less went to non-boss protection showcase and grow medical coverage inclusion thus. The Act additionally focuses to raise income from a few tax collection roads. The human services area is anticipated to experience an emotional makeover sooner rather than later if the ACA is completely executed. The scientist of this exposition additionally looks forward at the eventual fate of the medicinal services with respect to the impact of ACA. The Act that is introduced in the exposition in subtleties orders that American occupants have protection inclusion and furthermore requires a decreased and revamped spending under the biggest medical coverage plan in America. The conversation will likewise concentrate on different issues, for example, the impact of the law on the economy, who pays for the arrangement and who the law influences most. The specialist concluds that in spite of everything the ACA is a marvelous bit of enactment that is required to change the United States social insurance industry if completely executed. It is still very ahead of schedule to see or anticipate its accurate proportion of effects that may follow, however it is sure for the scientist that the future searches splendid for America Health Care division. The significant vulnerability, in any case, despite everything lies on how far the ACA will go in hindering the development of social insurance costs.

The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children

7 March 2012 Real Virtual Reality: The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children Droning endlessly on the PC close to me, my companion can totally daydream his environmental factors; with each snap of the mouse, he is solely in the virtual world he makes. His consistent need to vanish from society and to build his own, urges me to scrutinize the explanation of why he’s doing what precisely he is doing. I don't have an answer why he does what he does however at any rate he’s accomplishing something that he can be acceptable at.However the reasons could be from an inclination of separation from society or fleeing from a more profound issue that is put somewhere inside oneself and not legitimately faced. Gaming isn't the issue. It is simply something that is utilized to reassure and comfort. Its unnecessary utilization, be that as it may, is the thing that can hold destructive impacts to typical conduct and social perspectives. It could transfor m into growing genuine mental issues like social clumsiness , despondency, trouble in a vocation enviroment and connections, being disengaged from the real world and at times can form into solitary issue. Tame 2) With the quantity of gamers and games expanding every year, (Sinclair) changes should be accomplished for our people in the future to be progressively drawn in and increasingly responsive with society. Starting with child rearing in such manner that sets a genuine case of being a mindful and beneficial resident, for example, dynamic child rearing and atively seeking after a superior responive resident. Bringing up kids is in reality very troublesome, tedious, genuinely and truly debilitating, and is something to not to be considered delicately before having a youngster or children.To bring up a kid, isn't just accommodating their needs and demonstrating friendship, yet in addition forming the up and coming age of our general public and what we as people desert. A model is a n incredible and valuable device that we have. A little youngster is well-suited to learn and respond to each and everything a parent does or doesn't do. From gaining from inconspicuous signals or motions, to the existence exercises and qualities that they will continue with them to adulthood. Great child rearing and great instructing doesn't just mean turning kids loose.Good guardians and great educators need to do turn out to be progressively taught about what kids and young people battle with to turn into the best parent they can be. Despite the fact that gaming may not generally be the main decision as guardians, guardians invest a great deal of energy at soccer matches and violin presentations and different things that is done not on the grounds that they like them fundamentally but since they matter to their children. (Zur (a) 53) Many youngsters discover a feeling of intensity and fervor in games. There is unquestionably nothing amiss with needing power. In any case, the kid may likewise be abstaining from something unfortunate in disconnected life, and jump into games to escape the genuine world.They can become involved with this dreamland that keeps them out of genuine obligations and become dependent on the online world. An enslavement equivalent to caffeine and nicotine. This might be influencing the kid's mental and physical prosperity. Developing youngsters and teenagers need eye to eye collaboration to grow healthly passionate, otherworldly, social and explicitly and a lot of time at the PC and insufficient daylight, work out, physical contact, and vis-à-vis cooperation can leave kids and adolescents ailing in social aptitudes and other development.Which can cause an over reliance on innovation. The failure to relate or convey successfully eye to eye estranges and segregates them from society. (Zur (c) 6) As computer games become progressively sensible, their place in the public eye turns out to be increasingly evident and at a level that is gre ater than at any other time envisioned. We've all observed or heard tales about specific individuals that submit horrible acts purportedly affected by computer games. It is anything but difficult to expect that dream gaming is â€Å"bad† or â€Å"harmful.  Indeed, it's human instinct to vilify what we don't comprehend and fing a spot for it that is away from sight and away from being influenced by it. Many can't help suspecting that even â€Å"healthy† dream like perusing Harry Potter booksâ or portraying cells with pencils must be better thanâ fantasy like World of Warcraft, which numbs minds, sucks the creative mind, and has noâ redeeming esteem. Regardless of whether it be, child rearing in a way that advances progressively social action, self acknowledgment of how the abundance of gaming can impact oneself, or the herapeutic strategies that can help ease from the snare of getting dependent on the virtual world. Gilsdof said all that needed to be said when we stated, â€Å"Online gaming isn't the issue, it is the manner by which individuals use it. Enslavement is never in the item, the compulsion is in the relationship one has with the article. Change starts in the individual not the object†. (Gilsdof) Works Cited page Gamespot. Brendan Sinclair. 2008. Gamespot Inc. 3 March 2012. < http://www. gamespot. com/news/npd-72-percent-of-us-are-gamers-6188668>Psych Central, Online Gaming Addicition. Will Meek, Ph. D. Psych Central. 3 March 2012 Psychology Today,. Ethan Gilsdof. Brain research Today. 3 March 2012. Richard Allan Bartle. Hearts, Clubs, Diamonds, Spade: Players Who Suit MUDs. Essex, UK: Muse Ltd. 1999 Zur Institute on the Internet. (an) Ofer Zur, Ph. D. 2011. Zur Institute LLC. 3 March 2012. Zur, Ofer, Ph. D. (b) The Adventure of Online Gaming. New York: Random House, 2003 Zur, Ofer, Ph. D. (c) Handling Internet Addiction Dissorder, (IAD) Chicago: University of Chicago Publishing, 2001

To what extent Thatcherism was hegemonic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

What exactly degree Thatcherism was domineering - Essay Example In what tails I need to investigate his novel White Chappell, Scarlet Tracings as a book that utilizes the city as the site of resistance, as the region for an evaluate of predominant belief system (John Corner and Sylvia Harvey, 1991: p. 11.) The same number of pundits have watched, the time of Thatcher's standard was one in which monetarist arrangements of big business and the control of the country's history went inseparably. This relationship changed various components of English national character. Gone was the post-war good faith in which Britain grasped an undeniably progressively libertarian type of social association. As John Corner and Sylvia Harvey attest of Thatcherism: Opportunity and freedom get not from social liberties yet from decisions practiced in the market (Perry Anderson, The Figures of Descent, 1992, p. 184.) The power that issues isn't that of ruler or sovereign, the master or the white man, yet the sway of the customer inside the commercial center. Huge degrees of individual obligation and far reaching joblessness denoted this apparent power of the purchaser. For sure, as Raphael Samuels proposes, Thatcher's talk figured out how to successfully jumble the way that her administration's arrangements prompted an extreme ascent in family unit obligation, from 8 percent toward the start of her Prime Minister boat to 14 percent by its decision. In 1983 near 30 percent of the London populace were living, or at risk for living, underneath the neediness line. The downtown regions specifically experienced high joblessness and inadequate lodging in the midst of the expansion of the cutting edge development's pinnacle square open lodging. Numerous reporters as important to thin the enlarged government running expenses and spiraling national creation under Labor respected the financial strategies of Thatcherism. However as Perry Anderson has contended, Thatcherism financial record depended on karma as much as powerful administration. Thatcherism asserted that the Union development was devastating British creation, answerable for a downturn in efficiency. Its draconian treatment of Union's in the excavator's strike of 1984/5 was in this way depicted as a financial need (Jerry White, London in the Twentieth Century, 2002. p. 222.) Antonio Gramsci's idea of Hegemony Authority was an idea recently utilized by Marxists, for example, Lenin to demonstrate the political initiative of the common laborers in a majority rule insurgency, however formed by Gramsci into an intense investigation to clarify why the 'inescapable' communist upset anticipated by universal Marxism had not happened by the mid twentieth century. Private enterprise, it appeared, was considerably more dug in than any time in recent memory. Private enterprise, Gramsci recommended, kept up control not simply through viciousness and political and financial pressure, yet in addition ideologically, through a domineering society wherein the estimations of the bourgeoisie turned into the 'presence of mind' estimations of all. In this manner an agreement culture created in which individuals in the common laborers distinguished their own great with the benefit of the bourgeoisie, and assisted with keeping up business as usual as opposed to revolting (Gramsci, Antonio (1971). The regular workers expected to build up its very own culture, which would oust the thought that common qualities spoke to 'characteristic'

Taking the Risk Love, Luck and Gambling in Literature - Literature Essay Samples

The Flowers of Evil (1866) authored by Charles Baudelaire and The Gambler (1867) by Fyodor Dostoevsky are two literary works of art with common denominators: they both deal with the themes of gambling, love, luck, moral debasement, and deep poverty. Both books are pivotal, produced during the symbolism era, the literary movement which swept Europe spanning 1860-1880. Symbolism’s main themes surround darkness, decadence; employing images pregnant with symbolic metaphor. Symbolists often looked at the ideal and vested it in language which would take some interpretation and deciphering to understand. Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881) on the other hand grew out of the existentialist and symbolist movement in Russia. Although Russian symbolism did not officially begin until 1895, Dostoevsky is viewed as the Russian father of symbolism who preceded the movement though his writings. In Baudelaire’s â€Å"Little Old Women†, he compares gambling old women to â€Å"vestals in love with the late Frascati.† Frascati was the only gambling salon in Paris which allowed women players to gamble. This image of old women gambling away their money enraptured by an uncontrollable obsession evokes the scenes of Grandmother gambling away her wealth at the casino in The Gambler. Alexei reports that â€Å"at the casino, grandmother seemed to be expected† (Dostoevsky 2005). Gripped by the passion to win, grandmother soon becomes a regular at the casino. Frascati’s was a busy, well-liked salon which drew gambling patrons in the hundreds. The historic Frascati’s gambling salon remained open for business until 1836 when the lease for gambling houses expired and was forced to close down (Shelley). The main themes of Baudelaires poem called Gambling, are associated with decadence, aging, and death. In typical symbolist fashion, Baudelaire details the surroundings at the gambling salon, paying close attention to body parts and furniture. These female gamblers described in the poem are hopelessly addicted to the gaming tables, where they fritter their hard-earned money on bets. In Baudelaire’s â€Å"Gambling†, he mentions the women gamblers â€Å"who come to waste their sorely-sweated pittance†. The gamers are of the poor classes who time and again lose many bets; yet they are inspired by the hope of improving their luck and winning more money. It is a never ending vicious cycle. They work for a few dollars and return to the casinos to place bets, lose, work for more money and return to the gambling houses. Dostoevsky portrays the poor gamblers as â€Å"the hungry, restless folk crowded around the gaming tables† (Dostoevsky 2005). Many of the faithful casino’s patrons are ruined, broke, indebted, and hopeless. Later on, after experiencing the vicissitudes of gambling, Alexei, hooked and in despair confesses, â€Å"I am in a worse position than the meanest beggar. But what is a beggar. A fig for beggary! I have ruined myself that is all† (Dostoevsky 2005). Mismanagement of money, greed, and imprudence lead to this crushing, inescapable poverty. As soon as fortune changes and one wins some money, it is either frittered away on some frivolous attraction or goes to the payment of incurred debts. Alexei has to depend on the people around him to bail him out of prison, for food and shelter, while he sees himself trapped in the enslavement to money and to Polina. Baudelaire’s poem, â€Å"Gambling† clearly outlines the prevailing environment at the gaming houses where the gamblers waste their money. He evokes the scene of â€Å"all-tenacious passion†, â€Å"funereal glee†, â€Å"envying† (Baudelaire 2006). These sentiments are commonplace in a gambling house where there lies the passion to win and the desire for self-aggrandizement. The (fortunate) lot of other vying players provokes envy just as the poem’s speaker confesses to feel toward his contenders around the table. Baudelaire also characterizes and likens the passion of gambling to a â€Å"hellish fever† where the ultimate end is death and destruction. This image also relates the passion of gambling with the heat of sexuality and the excitement to win. At the casino, Alexei is controlled by his passionate urges to win at the roulette games. He says that he â€Å"suddenly became obsessed with a desire to take risks† (Dostoevsky 2005 ). This fervent desire pushes him to make many absurd deals and take wanton bets at the casino. Around the table, Alexei observes the rich competitors, silently scrutinizing and envying them. Even Grandmother when she begins to gamble is â€Å"shaking with excitement† (Dostoevsky 2005). The rush of risk-taking and winning floods her entire being and soon becomes wild with anxiety over the games. In, The Gambler, when Alexei is introduced to the gambling salon, he describes that â€Å"in the first place, everything about it seemed so foul – so morally mean and foul† and then alludes to â€Å"its attendant squalor† (Dostoevsky 2005). This gambling setting is purposely dirty because it attracts a dirty crowd who is blind to the moral decay around them. The casino’s inherent foul nature poisons and drugs the clientele such that they keep coming back, powerless to stop the habit. Likewise, with Alexei, the casino is repelling and compelling at the same time. He is offended and fascinated by the decadence. In Baudelaire’s Flowers of Evil poem, â€Å"Gambling†, dirtiness, squalor, and moral decadence go hand in hand. The women play in a dusty gambling salon with â€Å"faded armchairs†, â€Å"dirty ceiling†, â€Å"grim vault†, and â€Å"dead virtue† are synonymous telling a tale of aging, obsoleteness, corruption, and decadence. The players are old women who imminently approach death and due to their vices, are hastening to their own demise. The gambling salon has descended into an undesirable condition. The women’s past occupation as harlots further taint their characters and tarnishes the general ambience so that it lacks the purity and cleanliness of its pristine state. The poem, â€Å"I Adore You,† by Charles Baudelaire interconnects with the relationship between Alexei and Polina. The first person in the poem applies to Alexei while his reluctant lover, Polina is the focus of his relentless pursuit and unrequited love. Polina’s physical and emotional distance is palpable throughout the novel, The Gambler. She continuously uses Alexei to gain her own selfish ends and dumps him because she is in love with another. The speaker laments, â€Å"I love you all the more because you flee from me †¦ and multiply the leagues that separate my arms from the blue infinite†. By the end of the novel, Polina moves to Switzerland in an attempt to escape Alexei’s amorous advances. However, despite her repeated rebuffs and flights, he continues to chase after her. The novel closes with Alexei busy at a gaming table trying to win money to follow her to Switzerland. He asserts to an irate Polina, who is even more annoyed by his undying love, â€Å"Am I afraid of a scandal, or of your anger? Why should I fear your anger? I love without hope and know that hereafter I shall love you a thousand times more† (Dostoevsky 2005). This passage matches in sentiment and in action Alexei’s resolve. He never becomes discouraged at her glacial snubs or livid fury. Polina’s implacable cruelty is plain for all to see, even to Alexei. Adamant as stone, after Alexei declares his love for her, Polina snarlingly retorts, â€Å"Why I HATE you! Yes, yes, I HATE you!† (Dostoevsky 2005). Her hardened heart, impervious to returning Alexei’s love, demonstrates incapacity to dismiss him with sympathy for his feelings. She continues to take his winnings from gambling and then refuses to love him or even show him respect and proper gratitude. The more Polina persists in rejecting him, the more fervent Alexei’s love burns toward her. He says to Polina that â€Å"you will end by making me love you, since you are what you are, I mean to love you all the time, and never be unfaithful to you† (Dostoevsky 160). Fully knowing her cold disregard still forces Alexei to love Polina and be true to her forever. From all appearances, it seems that Alexei is even more enamored by Polina’s cruelty. Chance and luck are key elements of gambling and are common factors in The Gambler and The Flowers of Evil. The luck of the characters vacillates and either proves their ruin or success. As beforementioned, Baudelaire’s â€Å"The Little Old Women† mentions the Parisian Frascati gambling salon. One gambler testifies that while at Frascati’s the only handicap of the gambler is the law of chance. â€Å"Intuition led me to revere the law of chance as the highest and deepest of laws, the law that rises from the fundament. An insignificant word might become a deadly thunderbolt. One little sound might destroy the earth† (Brecht 1966). Roulette is the most popular game at the casino. Roulette, taken from the French, means little wheel. In the game, one has to turn the wheels until a ball settles on a number. This game comes from the Wheel of Fortune concept where in mythology it is believed that the gods determined fates by the turn of a wheel (The Meaning of Whe el of Fortune). Chance and fortune correspond with one another since the wheel of fortune meant either an improving or worsening of one’s fortunes (pun intended). When playing at the gaming table to cover Polina’s urgently due debts, Alexei wins many times and accumulates about two hundred thousand rubles. However both he and his grandmother have lost fortunes, betting large sums of money in a desperate attempt to recover their losses. At the gambling house, one of the characters De Griers says â€Å"les chances peuvent tourner. Une seule mauvaise chance, et vous perdrez tout – surtout avec votre jeu. C’à ©tait terrible† (Dostoevsky 2005). Translation: Your luck can change. But one bad stroke of luck, and you can lose everything, especially in gambling. It’s terrible. Characters play against an awesome foe, fate and cast it in the hand of chance. Roulette, one of the popular games at the gambling houses, is based on chance. The intoxicating obsession to keep playing the chance game precipitates Alexei in graver circumstances and heavier losses. He confesses while gambling, â€Å"the madness seemed to come upon me and seizing my last two thousand florins, I staked them on 12 of the first numbers – wholly by chance† (Dostoevsky 2005). Even in the game or better said, gamble of love, Alexei stakes everything in order to be with Polina, making amorous advances and courting her affections. However, he debases himself into being a willing slave and ultimately a spurned lover; however, luck and love are inextricable themes since the characters must risk something to pursue their heart’s desire. Baudelaire’s â€Å"The Venal Muse† also harmonizes thematically with Dostoevsky’s The Gambler since poverty, greed, and deceit are omnipresent in both works. First of all, the gamblers are spurred on by need. The majority of the players in Germany and France are the poor who lust to be rich and the pretentious, indebted rich who long for a return on their wealth. The Venal Muse alludes to indigence â€Å"knowing that your purse is dry as your palate†. Alexei is an impoverished tutor who wants to get rich and enjoy the company of the affluent circle and to win the love of his life, Polina. The General, heavily debt-encumbered, is also a poor man who appears wealthy because of his aristocratic connections and possession. He plays and wagers in Roulettenberg – a pun on the word roulette. Polina herself is a broke woman who uses her beauty and charm to get what she wants from men. Baudelaire verbalizes her actions where â€Å"to earn your daily bread y ou are obliged to swing the censer like an altar boy.† She uses Alexei for her own selfish ends without truly loving him. Alexei and the General’s fortunes depend on the death of their opulent Grandmother, hoping that she passes away soon and leaves them a healthy share of her estate. In sum, Flowers of Evil and The Gambler explore rich, deep themes such as gambling, moral decay, passion for winning, chance, and the gamble of love. Baudelaire and Dostoevsky enter the human’s psychology and represent these realities poetically in their masterpieces. Gambling transcends class consideration for it is as much a vice of the rich as a downfall of the poor. As classical symbolists, both writers plunge into the macabre and the glorious, giving the reader an analysis of human nature and the times of life. Works Cited: Baudelaire, Charles. The Flowers of Evil, Wesleyan University Press. Connecticut, 2006. Brecht, G., Elisabeth, B. Chance-imagery. New York: Something Else Press, 1966. Dostoevsky, Fyodor. The Gambler. Digireads.com Publishing, Kansas, 2005. The Meaning of the Wheel of Fortune. Shelley, Charles Henry. Old Paris: Its social, historical, and literary associations. University of Michigan, 1912.

Bipolar And Dissociative Identity Disorder Essay - 728 Words

Elizabeth Mejia November 10, 2015 ELA-9 period-5 Bipolar v. Dissociative Identity Disorder Informative Essay Several people mix and confuse some of the causes and symptoms of Bipolar disorder and Dissociative Identity disorder. While both disorders do share certain symptoms, the differences could not be more prominent. Both disorders have similar causes, symptoms and treatment options. There are cases where the disorders have taken over, or they have become a part of people’s everyday lives. Although you might want to feel sympathy for those who have been diagnosed, many of the people lead perfectly happy and normal lives. Bipolar disorder and D.I.D. have alike causes, but there are noticeable differences as well. For example, there are no real singular cause for either of them. Some cases of both disorders have reported that traumatic events can lead to these disorders. However, it is more common for those who are affected by the manic-depressive illness to receive the disorder through family genes. Unlike those who are bipolar, it is much more common to have dissociative identity among those who were physically or sexually abused as a child or young age. Contrary to belief D.I.D. is actually quite rare. There only about 200,000 U.S. cases per year. That is only about 1%-3% of America’s population. Which in contrast to bipolar disorder, which has about 3,000,000 million U.S. cases per year, D.I.D is much less common. Symptoms for the two are more alike than you may haveShow MoreRelatedBipolar And Dissociative Identity Disorder Essay781 Words   |  4 Pages Elizabeth Mejia November 10, 2015 ELA-9 period-5 Bipolar v. Dissociative Identity Disorder Informative Essay Several people mix and confuse some of the causes and symptoms of Bipolar disorder and Dissociative Identity disorder. While both disorders do share certain symptoms, the differences could not be more prominent. Both disorders have similar causes, symptoms and treatment options. There are cases where the disorders have taken over, or they have become a part of people’s everyday livesRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Dissociative Identity Disorder Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesMany have confused schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with dissociative identity disorder. Bipolar disorder also known as manic-depression is a fairly common disorder when compared to schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder. It is also well-understood and treated by a combination of medications and psychotherapy.It is characterized by alternating moods of mania and depression. These usually last weeks or even months depending on the person. People who are manic have a high energy level andRead More Bipolar Disorder : A Deep Rooted Sickness1527 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder is a deep rooted sickness. 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Dissociative Identity Disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states. The multiple personalities differ in many areas including affect, behavior, memory, perception, cognition, and sensory and motor functi on. The disorder causes great distress and/or impairment in the individualRead MoreEssay about Psychological Disorders1399 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Disorders’ Presentation â€Å"Psychological disorders are behaviors or mental processes that are connected with various kinds of distress or impaired functioning (Nevid amp; Rathus, 2005).† Many people battle different kinds of disorders ranging from anxiety, dissociative, somatoform, moodiness, schizophrenia, personality, and many other disorders (Nevid amp; Rathus, 2005). Some are so mild that people do not recognize when they have it, and some are so severe that they become aRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Mpd )921 Words   |  4 PagesWhen most people think of mental disorders, many tend to think of depression, bipolar disorder, or even Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The one thing these three disorders have in common is they all can be associated with a disorder called Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD). A person with MPD â€Å"behaves as if under the control of distinct and separate parts of the personality at different times† (Bull). As research has advanced on the studying of MPD, researchers have deemed the official diagnosticRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Social Anxiety1372 Words   |  6 Pagesexactly these people are going through. Mental illnesses such as dissociative identity disorder, social anxiety, bipolarism, post traumatic stress disorder, or obsessive compulsive disorder make some people stand out. 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The Lord s Will Help Shaping The Worldview Of Christian...

Sir Francis Bacon once wrote: â€Å"There are two books laid before us to study, to prevent our falling into error; first, the volume of the Scriptures, which reveal the will of God; then the volume of the Creatures, which express His power† (qtd. in H. M. Morris 22). Indeed, the Bible reveals to man the answers to the questions in life, especially regarding the important ones that shape a person’s worldview. Within the Scriptures, notably in Genesis, one can find the explanation concerning the natural world, human identity, human relationships, and civilization. Chapter 1 to 11 of the Genesis described the way God created the world, and through these chapters we learn about His’s plan for mankind (New International Version Bible). Furthermore,†¦show more content†¦Light and darkness are two sides of all creations, as it both exists each creature, symbolize goodness and evil. Water and air are crucial elements for life, as three fourth of the human body composed of water, and oxygen aids in the metabolism the living beings, including animals, plants, and human. God created the sun and the moon to govern the light, but He also created the star. At first, it can be thought as peculiar since the star do not holds any special quality in showing the light on the earth. However, within the galaxy, the earth is placed in a special position that enable us to discover the wonderful beauty of the universe (A Special Place in the Universe). It can be interpreted that God had placed us there and created the stars to urge man to learn and explore and satisfy the thirst for knowledge. Undoubtedly, the world as we see it was not created by chance according to the popular science. Evolutionists and Big Bang theorists believe that after billions and billions of years, after a sequences of trials and error, the universe was created and man had evolved from the non-living through random chances. While it remains one of the prominent view since Darwin first published his book The Origin of Species, it failed to explain how all the fundamentals of life, from the smallest molecular to the largest planet, are finely tuned with one another, that the missing of even one component means non-existence. Hence, life did not happen by

Study of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde free essay sample

How does Stevenson show the reader the extent of henry Jekyll’s torment in the final section of the novella â€Å"Henry Jekyll’s full statement of the case†? Stevenson shows the reader the extent of Henry Jekylls torment in â€Å"Henry Jekylls full statement of the case. Jekylls torment is seen throughout the chapter. We see the ideas like the torment of divided self, shame and remorse, self-destruction and suicidal thoughts (and the fear they create) the torment of temptation and addiction. These are just some of the main ideas throughout Henry Jekylls full statement of the case. The torment of the divided self is clearly seen throughout this chapter. Jekyll doesnt know what state he wants to remain in; Edward Hyde or Henry Jekyll. It is as if he is having a war within himself. At the start of this novella we see that Jekyll uses Hyde as a division, but now he feels its slavery† My new power tempted me until I fell in slavery†. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Stevenson uses this to show the reader that Hyde has the upper hand on Jekyll, as if he is in control of Jekylls body. â€Å"The difficulty had been to throw off the body of Jekyll, it had of late. Gradually but decidedly transferred itself to the other side. This clearly shows that Jekyll has little power of Hyde, he has lost control. Jekylls state reminds me of a drug addict. They try it for a start and have control, but then as time passes the drug starts controlling them. Consequently in Jekylls case he has experienced the torment of the divided self. In this chapter Jekyll goes through stages of shame and remorse. We see this when Stevenson writes in first person that Jekyll sees himself as â€Å"despised and friendless† He mentions that he is despised and friendless after what he did to both Lanyon and Utterson. Not only does he feel friendless and despised he lost confidence, self-esteem. â€Å" I was suddenly aware that I had lost stature†. He feels remorse from getting both Lanyon and Utterson involved in his personal torment. This consequently led to Lanyons shock caused death. His shame came about him after Hyde brutally murdered a man in the street. Jekyll felt guilty for his rage in Hydes form. He felt that he should be held responsible. This leads me to my next point about his self-destruction and suicidal thoughts. Stevenson makes Jekyll feel responsible for Hydes doing, after all it was Jekyll but in a different physical and mental state. Stevenson makes us feel sorry for Jekyll in a way; after all it was not entirely his doing. This is what Stevenson was using to make the reader feel as if they knew Jekyll. He portrayed Jekyll as this presentable social man, but now he has changed for the worse with the constant change to Hyde. Jekyll is now seen as a self-harming man, with a bomb full of thoughts ticking away inside him eager to explode. He is destructing himself, consequently leading Jekyll to suicidal thoughts. His suicidal thoughts didn’t come in the way of self-harm in his present state but in Hydes state. Stevenson used Hyde as a prison or a punishment. Jekyll believed that him transforming into Edward Hyde would be as close as he could get to suicide, this is due to Hyde’s destructive nature. Hyde was already on the look out from the police, his house in Soho was taken by the police so Jekyll had enough of his self-infliction in Jekylls state. It was time for him to face the consequences of Hydes doing. I believe that Stevenson made Jekyll think that not only was he punishing himself turning into Hyde he also felt an urge to get back to his reckless side. Almost like a drug addict. It is evident that Jekyll no doubt had moments of self-destruction and suicidal thoughts. Stevenson makes Jekyll out to be a drug addict by the end of the chapter. He is hooked, addicted and has a huge temptation to become Hyde. Jekylls addiction is seen when Stevenson relates him to a drug addict â€Å" I neither gave up the house in Soho, nor destroyed the clothes of Edward Hyde†. What Jekyll is trying to convey here is that he is not done with Hyde, he will keep it there just incase he wanted release. Jekyll was tempted and was addicted this lead to him taking the potion. â€Å"My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring† This shows this inner beast eating away at Jekyll. This links in with his self-destruction. I honestly felt sorry for Jekyll at this moment. He released this beast once again and once again he raged. â€Å" He mauled the unresisting old man without defence†. Stevenson was very clever with this because he made us feel sorry for Jekyll at the release of Hyde but then lets Hyde rage at an innocent â€Å"unresisting old man†. This put me in two minds about Jekyll/Hyde. A typical drug addict you feel sorry for because it is what is inside that is controlling you, but then when that leads to your irrational actions I have no sympathy. This is exactly what I felt about Jekyll/Hydes addicted state. In this chapter Stevenson nails the torment that Jekyll suffers. He makes the reader feel sympathetic at times through his descriptive language and imagery. This chapter is jam packed with many forms of torment. Many are too hard to conquer. Stevenson made Jekylls first person accounts make the reader feel pitiful for Jekyll.

Ophelia The Mouse Essays - Characters In Hamlet,

Ophelia The Mouse Rob Strieker 10/25/99 Eng 111 Dr. Floyd Collins Ophelia the Mouse Playing with someones feelings is a very serious matter. Ophelia is innocent of any wrongdoing, and in return she is used as a tool so people can get what they want. Her father and Hamlet used her as a tool, which led her to madness and her loving brother was not there to save her. Ophelia was a good woman who was treated as a child and had no independence. Laertes(Ophelias brother) loves her with all of his heart. He is always worried with her well being and whatever choices she may decide on. He tells Ophelia to be cautious of Hamlets love and words to her. Laertes tells her that Hamlet seeks not her but what she can offer. Laertes also points out that Hamlet is evil and that she should fear him instead of loving him. Laertes and Ophelia had a special bond between them and he never used her for his self-gain. He showed a lot of compassion towards her but where was he at the time of her death? Laertes should have taken care of Ophelia when she went crazy: he should not of let her run off knowing how ill she was. If Laertes was so concerned with her well being when she was in love with Hamlet then why didnt Laertes show concern with her life and protect her during her weak point of her life? I do believe that Laertes truly loved Ophelia and would do anything for her but at the time of her madness he was too concerned with the death of h is father to pay attention to Ophelia. Polonius acts toward Ophelia with dispise and disgust. Polonius uses her as a tool to become closer and get on Claudius good side. Polonius cares nothing for Ophelia: she is considered as a pawn in a chess game only to protect the king, Polonius. He treats her like a child that knows nothing and can do nothing. He also tells her that Hamlet wants only her chastity and all of his love letters mean nothing. Polonius tells her to stay away from Hamlet only to drive him crazy for her: Polonius also tells Ophelia that she should not give into Hamlet, she should not negotiate with him but only demand a greater price for her love. Polonius is already using Ophelia as a tool to get what he wants which is power and also be a step closer to the king: Polonius wants his bloodline to be royal. Ophelia is confused now and defends Hamlet in front of her father, for which she is called a fool and told that she knows nothing. Polonius is always cold toward Ophelia: for example, when she is confused about what she should think about Hamlet her father says, Marry, I will teach you. Polonius did not care how Ophelia felt and he always hurt her feelings. Polonius embarrassed her many times, for example when he read Hamlets love letters to Ophelia out loud to the King and Queen. I dont think Polonius ever really cared for Ophelia and saw her not as a daughter but as a mere tool for gaining what he wanted. Hamlet also used Ophelia as a tool but unlike Polonius and like Laertes he loved her. Hamlet would write love letters expressing how he felt and what she reminded him of. Hamlet loved her very much but his love for her, during the time he was finding out who killed his father, diminished quickly. When Polonius and the King plotted to test Hamlets love for Ophelia, Hamlet caught on to the treachery which Ophelia was involved in and Hamlet went off on her, telling that he never loved her and that all women were deceitful. Hamlet also used her as a tool to his own benefit when he was provoking the king and queen by making fun of how long his father was dead, a mere two hours, which Ophelia corrected when she said two months. Hamlet confused Ophelia by telling that he never loved her and then coming back during the play acting like everything was just perfect. This gave Ophelia mixed emotions;

Free Essays on On Star

Onstar is new way of feeling safe, it is like having a cell phone, once you have it you do not feel safe without it. That was the idea the corporate managers had when they first decided to equip their vehicles with a Global Positioning System. Onstar has many features but serves only one purpose, keeping people safe. Onstar was established in 1995 as a subsidiary of GM. GM seen how the market of cell phones had grown and thought that a market in GPS would one day be just as strong. The technology was first implemented in three 1997-model-year Cadillacs and started off with about 100,000 customers. By the year, 2000 that number had grown to 1 million. Onstar is becoming increasingly popular every day with every new commercial, promotion, and new vehicle equipped with Onstar. Onstar has revolutionized the GPS industry. Before Onstar only a few after market electronic devices were available and were not as user friendly or even come close to the features that are on the Onstar system. It is true a couple of cars were equipped with some type of GPS but were much too expensive for the average Joe to afford. In fact even today an average portable GPS device costs anywhere from $600 to over a $1000. With the Onstar system the equipment is already installed in the vehicle, the owner only pays $199 a year for the standard package and $399 for The Premium package. The Onstar GPS system tracks the vehicle by satellites flying over the earth at about 11,000 miles. The satellites circle the earth two times in a 24-hour period and are monitored by the main OnStar headquarters in Troy, Michigan. The satellite can determine how far away the vehicle is from each satellite by keeping track of the time it takes for a radio wave to travel from the satellite to the receiver. Amazingly, the Onstar system can pinpoint the location of the car as close as one to two meters. Once a signal is transmitted from your vehicle to the Onstar headquar... Free Essays on On Star Free Essays on On Star Onstar is new way of feeling safe, it is like having a cell phone, once you have it you do not feel safe without it. That was the idea the corporate managers had when they first decided to equip their vehicles with a Global Positioning System. Onstar has many features but serves only one purpose, keeping people safe. Onstar was established in 1995 as a subsidiary of GM. GM seen how the market of cell phones had grown and thought that a market in GPS would one day be just as strong. The technology was first implemented in three 1997-model-year Cadillacs and started off with about 100,000 customers. By the year, 2000 that number had grown to 1 million. Onstar is becoming increasingly popular every day with every new commercial, promotion, and new vehicle equipped with Onstar. Onstar has revolutionized the GPS industry. Before Onstar only a few after market electronic devices were available and were not as user friendly or even come close to the features that are on the Onstar system. It is true a couple of cars were equipped with some type of GPS but were much too expensive for the average Joe to afford. In fact even today an average portable GPS device costs anywhere from $600 to over a $1000. With the Onstar system the equipment is already installed in the vehicle, the owner only pays $199 a year for the standard package and $399 for The Premium package. The Onstar GPS system tracks the vehicle by satellites flying over the earth at about 11,000 miles. The satellites circle the earth two times in a 24-hour period and are monitored by the main OnStar headquarters in Troy, Michigan. The satellite can determine how far away the vehicle is from each satellite by keeping track of the time it takes for a radio wave to travel from the satellite to the receiver. Amazingly, the Onstar system can pinpoint the location of the car as close as one to two meters. Once a signal is transmitted from your vehicle to the Onstar headquar...

Lead and human exposure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lead and human exposure - Research Paper Example Studies show that humans that are exposed to lead for longer times have hair loss problems, elevated blood pressure, weight problems, and other health problems. Natural disasters such as hurricanes, earth quakes, floods and heavy rains are a reason for spreading the poisonous chemicals. In this way, the industrial chemicals reach homes and penetrate into the bodies of the men, women and children that have low or no exposure to lead. After hurricane Katrina, lead was found in homes and agricultural fields that presented a health hazard and exposed the humans to lead. The fumes and the floods became the major reasons for exposing the lead from the factories to homes. On the other hand, the onshore lead utilized in making some types of chemicals in ships reached the fields and homes. A sample of sediment and soil from New Orleans is checked for lead and a heavy amount of lead was found in the sample (Rabito et al, 2012). The Environmental Protection Agency planned a renovation strategy that would limit the impacts of the lead. However, a report presented that the families that are planning to return to New Orleans must have to face high health hazards due to the presence of lead in the city. However, no survey was conducted by the government and environmental agency to estimate the amount of lead present in residential units (Rabito et al, 2012). ... On the other hand, air and soil contaminations are only restricted through proper control and neutralization tactics (Rabito et al, 2012). The tests show the most amount of lead is found in the soil sample near the industrial areas particularly the industries that are involved in the recycling and production of lead based products. On the other hand, the coastal regions have more exposure as compared to the regions at higher sea levels (Rabito et al, 2012). It was considered that the heavy metal might have contaminated the fresh water resources presenting a constant danger to the environment and the habitat of the regions. Lead exposure may also lead to an elevated blood pressure in children if the lead is exposed to the people and the pregnant women that may become a cause of the heart diseases in children (Whelan et al, 1997). The important perspective is that the exposure to the lead may be a reason for the colic and paralysis as described by the old Greek physicians. Old bridges have a coat of lead based paint that prevents rust from penetrating. On the other hand, it is equally harmful for the fish and other marine animal and plant species (Fan et al, 2012). Lead is capable of contaminating all the sources that reach humans like soil, water and air. On the contrary, the exposure does not only require the person to inhale or intake the substance, touching the element or in-taking its smoke may be more dangerous. Before the hurricane, the amount of lead in the soil was decreasing gradually at a higher pace due to the regulations imposed on the utilization of lead based products and generation of other alternate products. On the other hand, as lead is considered a heavier metal

The topic should be related to the field of quarantine Research Paper

The topic should be related to the field of quarantine - Research Paper Example (DeLisle 2004) Measures corresponding to those employed aligned with the plague have been adopted to fight against the illness termed the Great White Plague, i.e. tuberculosis, and in modern times many countries have set up administrator entities for the classification and control of infections. (Rothstein 2004) This paper will demonstrate the state of quarantine in US and worldwide in terms of ethical perspective and legal regulations. Furthermore, the paper will guide us through the history of quarantine and will offer in depth overview on the subject. This paper will talk about U.S. state government conclusions considering components of quarantine and one-by-one privileges, if and when the government can become engaged, and the stress between state government and government. Background Children and mature individuals often trial to assertion that they are ill in alignment to stay dwelling from school or work for a day. Though, when a individual is authentically ill for any time sp an of time, the respite or even delight of residing dwelling rapidly dissipates, rotating into a yearn for normalcy. (Gerson 2005) What occurs when an individual is forbidden from departing dwelling or another location of confinement, even when that individual conceives that he is no longer ill? In the uncommon example of quarantine, the government can force a individual to stay confined even if the individual yearns to leave. (DeLisle 2004) For the reasons of this paper, quarantine is characterized as when the government or a government entity, a board of wellbeing, policeman head, or the National Guard, constrains a individual to a specific geographic position due to that one-by-one having or being revealed to a contagious disease. Discussion Quarantine is a critical assess that is not to be utilized for every freezing or virus, but rather for farthest outbreaks of particularly contagious infections for example tuberculosis or bioterrorism-related attacks of infections for example smallpox or anthrax. (Gerson 2005) Those quarantined are unable to take part commonly in every day life as they will not depart their quarantined position without permission. (Rothstein, Mark, et al 2003) Bioterrorism is neither a new observable fact neither one that is probable to go away in beside future. Historical administration for quarantine arises from the concept that a public wellbeing agreement, under which individuals acquiesce to decline certain privileges and liberties, if essential, to avert an important risk to other persons. (Sapsin, Jason, et al 2004) This agreement is not only between a one-by-one civilian and the government, but furthermore amidst people to each other. Without defense of wellbeing, security and security, persons will not relish numerous of the individual and financial freedoms that we have arrive to take for granted. In alignment to accomplish these goals, humanity should come to a balance between the extremes of entire defense of public wellbein g without any defense of one-by-one privileges and total defense of one-by-one privileges at the total cost of public health. The equitable circulation of advantages and burdens would illustrate a befitting balance of public wellbeing and one-by-one privileges, a mark of an attractive public wellbeing policy. (Gerson 2005) After investigating the U.S. management of quarantine, Canada's

Morality and Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

Morality and Utilitarianism Essay Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that holds that an action is right if it produces, or if it tends to produce, the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people affected by the action. Otherwise the action is wrong.  This cost-benefit analysis is a form of utility calculation. People in business theory use utility curves to plot the results of various actions, choosing those that maximize whatever it is that they wish to achieve. This utility approach is not foreign to most people. It is widely used in many forms of general decision making and can be applied to moral issues as well as to strictly business issues. A defense of utilitarianism as an ethical theory is that it describes what rational people actually do in making moral decisions. It explicitly formulates for them the procedures they intuitively and spontaneously use in moral reasoning. The theory renders explicit what is implicit in the ordinary moral reasoning and argumentation that we ourselves use Utilitarianism adopts a teleological approach to ethics and claims that actions are to be judged by their consequences. According to this view, actions are not good or bad in themselves. Actions take on moral value only when considered in conjunction with the effects that follow upon them. Act utilitarianism holds that each individual action, in all its concreteness and in all its detail, is what should be subjected to the utilitarian test. Rule utilitarians hold that utility applies appropriately to classes of actions rather than to given individual actions. Thus, by looking at the general consequences of breaking contracts in the past, we can determine that breaking contracts is immoral. One objection claims that utilitarianism is ungodly because it proposes utility, rather than the Bible or God, as a basis for moral judgments. A second objection frequently brought against utilitarianism is that no one has the time to calculate all the consequences of an action beforehand. A third objection to utilitarianism is that we cannot know the full results of any action, nor can we accurately weigh the different kinds of good and evil that result. The calculation is artificial and not practical. 1.Accurately state the action to be evaluated. 2.Identify all those who are directly and indirectly affected by the action. 3.Consider whether there is some dominant, obvious consideration that carries such importance as to outweigh other considerations. 4.Specify all the pertinent good and bad consequences of the action for those directly affected, as far into the future as appears appropriate, and imaginatively consider various possible outcomes and the likelihood of their occurring. 5.Weigh the total good results against the total bad results, considering quantity, duration, propinquity or remoteness, fecundity, and purity for each value (kind of good and kind of bad), and the relative importance of these values. 6.Carry out a similar analysis, if necessary, for those indirectly affected, as well as for society as a whole. 7.Sum up all the good and bad consequences. If the action produces more good than bad, the action is morally right; if it produces more bad than good, it is morally wrong. 8.Consider, imaginatively, whether there are various alternatives other than simply doing or not doing the action, and carry out a similar analysis for each of the other alternative actions. 9.Compare the results of the various actions. The action that produces the most good (or the least bad, if none produces more good than bad) among those available is the morally proper action to perform Bribery in business is an interesting kind of action to examine from a utilitarian point of view, because those who engage in bribery frequently justify their actions based on something similar to utilitarian grounds. Utilitarianism, far from being a self-serving approach to moral issues, demands careful, objective, and impartial evaluation of consequences. It is a widely used—but often misused—approach to moral evaluation. A powerful tool of moral reasoning, it is a technique well worth mastering. An Airplane Manufacturing Case An airplane manufacturer has spent a great deal of money developing a new airplane. The company badly needs cash because it is financially overextended. If it does not get some large orders soon, it will have to close down part of its operation. Doing that will put several thousand workers out of jobs. The president of the company bribes a foreign minister to insure the purchase of the planes, arguing that the good done overall justifies the use of bribery.

Capital Punishment Must be Abolished Essay -- Death Penalty

Capital Punishment Must be Abolished Is capital punishment just? The death penalty is a controversial issue for most people. Supporter’s claim that it eliminates repeat offenders, deters potential murderers and is the ultimate retribution. Opponents denounce it as murder, say that it does not cause deterrence but rather promotes violence and claim that it introduces the chance of an innocent person being executed. Due to the arguments presented by both sides and because of my own personal beliefs, the argument against legal execution is most compelling. The idea of putting another human to death is hard to completely fathom. The physical mechanics involved in carrying out a death sentence on another person, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyond human understanding. In the United States, there are thirty-eight states that have the death penalty and twelve without capital punishment. The first method used was in New York in 1890 and is still in use in thirteen states. â€Å"Old Sparky† was the horrific outcome of Thomas Edison’s attempt to show the dangers of the AC power supply being promoted by his rivals (Anderson, 51). The condemned is strapped to a wooden chair, electrodes are attached, and a shock of thirty thousand watts is applied. The prisoner is literally cooked internally, and death may require multiple shocks. When someone was executed with the electric chair the ceremony usually took place close to midnight. This was because at that hour they knew not many people were using electricity; the chair needs thirty thousand watts or the equivalent of four hundred seventy-five-watt light bulbs turning on at the same time. More than one shock was usually required to kill the criminal, so it drained a massive a... ... be abolished from all remaining states that it still exists in. BIBLIOGRAPHY Rauch, Jonathan. Death by Mistake. New York: Times Books, 1998 Frame, Randy. A Matter of Life and Death. Boston: Northern University Press, 1994 Prothrow, Deborah. Deadly Consequences. New York: Harbor Collins Publisher, 1991 Anderson, David. Crimes of Justice. Brooklyn: Times Books, 1988 Williams, Mike. The Last Supper. Chicago: Times Books, 1989 Cabana, Donald. Death at Midnight. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1996 Gross, Samuel. Death and Discrimination. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1989 Baker, Robert. Capitol Punishment. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1987 Shapiro, Joseph. The Wrong Man on Death Row. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988 Jackson, Bruce. Law and Order. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1984 Capital Punishment Must be Abolished Essay -- Death Penalty Capital Punishment Must be Abolished Is capital punishment just? The death penalty is a controversial issue for most people. Supporter’s claim that it eliminates repeat offenders, deters potential murderers and is the ultimate retribution. Opponents denounce it as murder, say that it does not cause deterrence but rather promotes violence and claim that it introduces the chance of an innocent person being executed. Due to the arguments presented by both sides and because of my own personal beliefs, the argument against legal execution is most compelling. The idea of putting another human to death is hard to completely fathom. The physical mechanics involved in carrying out a death sentence on another person, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyond human understanding. In the United States, there are thirty-eight states that have the death penalty and twelve without capital punishment. The first method used was in New York in 1890 and is still in use in thirteen states. â€Å"Old Sparky† was the horrific outcome of Thomas Edison’s attempt to show the dangers of the AC power supply being promoted by his rivals (Anderson, 51). The condemned is strapped to a wooden chair, electrodes are attached, and a shock of thirty thousand watts is applied. The prisoner is literally cooked internally, and death may require multiple shocks. When someone was executed with the electric chair the ceremony usually took place close to midnight. This was because at that hour they knew not many people were using electricity; the chair needs thirty thousand watts or the equivalent of four hundred seventy-five-watt light bulbs turning on at the same time. More than one shock was usually required to kill the criminal, so it drained a massive a... ... be abolished from all remaining states that it still exists in. BIBLIOGRAPHY Rauch, Jonathan. Death by Mistake. New York: Times Books, 1998 Frame, Randy. A Matter of Life and Death. Boston: Northern University Press, 1994 Prothrow, Deborah. Deadly Consequences. New York: Harbor Collins Publisher, 1991 Anderson, David. Crimes of Justice. Brooklyn: Times Books, 1988 Williams, Mike. The Last Supper. Chicago: Times Books, 1989 Cabana, Donald. Death at Midnight. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1996 Gross, Samuel. Death and Discrimination. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1989 Baker, Robert. Capitol Punishment. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1987 Shapiro, Joseph. The Wrong Man on Death Row. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988 Jackson, Bruce. Law and Order. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1984

Absenteeism, Causes and Effects Essay

I. Meaning Absenteeism is the term generally used to refer to unscheduled employee absences from the workplace. Many causes of absenteeism are legitimate, for example personal illness or family issues, but absenteeism also can often be traced to other factors such as a poor work environment or workers who are not committed to their jobs. If such absences become excessive, they can have a seriously adverse impact on a business’s operations and, ultimately, its profitability. The Labour Department in India defined the absenteeism rate as the total man-shifts lost because of absences as a percentage of the total number of man-shifts scheduled. So for calculation of the rate of the absenteeism we require the number of persons scheduled to work and the number actually present. II .Causes of the absenteeism The rate of the absenteeism in Indian industries is very high and cannot be dismissed. A Statistical study of absenteeism of Indian Labour observed that, the basic cause of absenteeism in India is that industrial worker is still part-time peasant. Thus the workers go to find jobs at cities after the harvesting their crops. It means that when the transplanting season. These workers consider to the modern industrialism is insecure. Thus, cause to high rate of the absenteeism in the industrial sector. According to the Labour Investigation Committee (1946), there were many reasons that caused the absenteeism of the industrial workers. The Commission pointed out many factors which caused the absenteeism in Indian industries. These factors are: 1. Sickness and low vitality: The committee pointed out that sickness is most important responsible for absenteeism in almost of the in Industrial sector. Epidemics like cholera, small-pox and malaria always break out in severe from in most industrial areas. The low vitality of the Indian workers makes them easy prey to such epidemics and bad housing and unsanitary conditions of living aggravate the trouble. However, the Commission has been noticed that the rate of absenteeism among the female workers is higher than their male counterparts. 2. Means of Transport: The Commission also stated that the transport facilities also play very important to contribute the absenteeism of the worker in the industries. It has been pointed out that, the rate of absenteeism is higher in those factories where transport facilities are not easily available as compared to those where such facilities are easily available or provided by the factory itself . 3. Hours of work: The long hours of work also affect the workers’ efficiency and consequently their sickness rate and absenteeism rate are increased. 4. Nightshift: It has also been pointed out that there is a greater percentage of absenteeism during the nightshifts than in the dayshifts, owing to the greater discomforts of work during the night-time. 5. Rural exodus: The committee also pointed out that probably the most predominant cause of absenteeism is the frequent urge of rural exodus. It has been noticed that the workers go back to their villages at the time of harvesting and sowing the crops. It increases the rate of absenteeism in factories. 6. Accident: Industrial accident depends upon the nature of work to be performed by the worker and his ability for doing that work. In case of hazardous nature of job, the accidents occur more frequently which lead to higher rate of absenteeism. 7. Social and religious Function: it has been noticed that workers become absent form their duty on occasions of social and religious functions. Since the workers like to join their families on such occasions, they go back to their villages for like to join short periods. 8. Drinking and amusement: the Labour Investigation committee pointed out that drinking and amusements are also responsible for absenteeism. Since drinking and amusements in the late hours of night make it difficult for the workers to reach in time on their duties. They like to become absent rather than late since they know that badli workers will be substituted for them, if they are late. 9.After Pay-Day: the Labour Investigation committee also noted the level of absenteeism is comparatively high immediately after the pay-day because they get their wages, they feel like having a good time or return to their villages to make purchases for the family and to meet them, so the absenteeism is high after they got paid. 10. Nature of work: the absenteeism rate is also affected by the nature of work. According to Prof. William pointed out that absenteeism prevails because workers are not accustomed to the factory life and factory discipline. In other words, absenteeism prevails because the nature of work in factories is different from that for which the worker is accustomed. So when they come to work in the factory, they feel strange, this new situation make them uncomfortable, so lead to high rate of absenteeism of the industrial workers. 11. Other causes : The above factor which are caused the absenteeism in the Industrial which are pointed out briefly by the Labour Commission. However, there can be tow other factors which caused the absenteeism in industrial sector. These factors are: a) personal Factors and b) workplace factors. A. Personal factor: The personal factor also divided into other sub-factors, these are: i. Personal Attitude: there are different attitude of employees. The Employees with strong workplace ethics will respect their work and appreciate the contribution they make to their companies. Such employees will not engage themselves in taking unscheduled off. On the other hand, employees with very low or no work ethics are indiscipline and have lot of integrity and behavioural issues. Since, they feel no obligation towards the company, absenteeism comes easily to them. ii. Age: The younger employees are often restless. They want to spend time with their friends and have fun, rather than being tied down with work responsibility. This lack of ownership often leads them to take unauthorized time off. With age, people gain experience and maturity, which makes them focused and responsible. Their approach is rather professional and they prefer to stick to their chairs to get the work done. If ever they are found absent, then it could be due to sickness. iii .Seniority: Employees, who have been with the company for a long time are well-adjusted with the working culture and the job, therefore, they find no reason to be absent without permission. On the other hand, new hires are more prone to taking ad hoc breaks to unwind themselves. iv. Gender: Women generally do a balancing act by shuffling their time between home and work. Family, being their foremost priority, they don’t think twice before taking a step towards absenteeism. B. Workplace Factors i. Stress: The pressure at work sometimes takes a toll on the employees. This results in increased levels of stress. The employees then resort to excuses that can help them stay away from work. ii. Work Routine: Doing the same job over a period of time can get monotonous. The employees find the job functions boring. They rather choose time off to do something interesting than come to work. iii. Job Satisfaction: If employees do not find their job challenging, dissatisfaction creeps in. That leads to more absenteeism in the workplace. III. Effect of absenteeism: The effects of the absenteeism of the workers in the factories adversely effect to the employers, the cost of production of the factory is increased because of the absent of the workers, by employed extra temporary staffs in order to replace the absentee. The effects of absenteeism in the workplace are directly proportionate to decreased productivity. The company, eventually, is trying to cover up the direct and indirect cost involved to hire temporary staff, and pay employees for overtime. So the cost of the production of the company is increased as the result they increase the price of the commodity, so the consumers have to pay high price for the commodities.. However, the workers themselves also effect of the absenteeism because their income is reduced according to the principle of â€Å"no work no pay†, as the result their standard of live decreased. Thus, absenteeism adversely affects the employers and the workers, and consumers and ultimately , it can be adverse affect to the growth of the economy in the country. so all these give rises to many industrial labour and social problems. IV. Method to remedy the absenteeism As regard to the measure to be adopted to remove the absenteeism, the Bombay Textile Labour Enquiry committee stated that â€Å"the proper conditions of work in the factory, adequate wages, protection from accident and sickness, and facilities for obtaining leave for rest and recuperation constitute the most effective means of reducing absenteeism. The Labour investigation committee, agreed with the above view, stated that â€Å"the excessive fatigue and sweated conditions of work are bound to create a defence mechanism’ in the worker and if adding results are to be obtained, the best policy would be to improve conditions of work and life for the workers and make them feel contented and happy. Therefore, the Committee suggested that the most effective way of dealing with absenteeism is to provide holiday with pay or even without pay and permit workers to attend their private affairs occasionally and thus regularise absenteeism instead of merely taking disciplinary actions for it . Provision of suitable housing facilities in industrial towns should also go a long way in improving attendance. Besides, the above provisions a sense of responsibility towards industry should be created among the workers through proper education and training. The workers’ participation in the management of industry, introduction of an incentive wage scheme and linking wages and bonus with production may also prove very helpful in checking the rate of absenteeism.

All Managers Are Hr Managers - 3083 Words

â€Å"All Managers are HR Managers?† Executive summary: In this paper the relationship between managers and HR managers will be discussed with regard to some of the primary HRM practices, such as recruitment, performance appraisal, compensation and benefits, and training development. The importance of HR to organizational success is discussed highlighting the importance of HR and its use as a strategic tool. Both HRM and management are reviewed and the interrelationship between the two is established within the structure of SME’s. Many smaller companies don’t have separate HR departments and often don’t implement elaborate HR systems, but rather limit these activities to the processing of administrative tasks and the more strategic†¦show more content†¦So it can be said that the degree and complexity of HR practices will become more distant from normal managerial tasks as the size of the organisation grows. This does not mean that one system is superior to the other but more that one is an outcome of growth. So the HR-practices in SMEs are not better or worse than those in larger corporations, they just follow a different logic. [3] Management and HRM: [3.1] Human Resource Management: (Raymond J. Stone, 2008, pp. 3) describes Human Resource Management as â€Å"The Productive use of people in achieving the organisations strategic objectives and the satisfaction of individual employee needs† Businesses that have implemented a specific HR department usually employ HR experts to operate and implement HR related tasks. A specialised manager or department is usually effective from a company consisting of 50 or more employees. Obviously as stated earlier the complexity of which would increase with the size of the company. 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